diff --git a/src/cmap/connection.ts b/src/cmap/connection.ts
index b6d92f56e0c..bbe65a25103 100644
--- a/src/cmap/connection.ts
+++ b/src/cmap/connection.ts
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import {
   MongoNetworkTimeoutError,
   MongoOperationTimeoutError,
   MongoParseError,
+  MongoRuntimeError,
   MongoServerError,
   MongoUnexpectedServerResponseError
 } from '../error';
@@ -791,22 +792,41 @@ export class SizedMessageTransform extends Transform {
     }
 
     this.bufferPool.append(chunk);
-    const sizeOfMessage = this.bufferPool.getInt32();
 
-    if (sizeOfMessage == null) {
-      return callback();
-    }
+    while (this.bufferPool.length) {
+      // While there are any bytes in the buffer
 
-    if (sizeOfMessage < 0) {
-      return callback(new MongoParseError(`Invalid message size: ${sizeOfMessage}, too small`));
-    }
+      // Try to fetch a size from the top 4 bytes
+      const sizeOfMessage = this.bufferPool.getInt32();
+
+      if (sizeOfMessage == null) {
+        // Not even an int32 worth of data. Stop the loop, we need more chunks.
+        break;
+      }
+
+      if (sizeOfMessage < 0) {
+        // The size in the message has a negative value, this is probably corruption, throw:
+        return callback(new MongoParseError(`Message size cannot be negative: ${sizeOfMessage}`));
+      }
 
-    if (sizeOfMessage > this.bufferPool.length) {
-      return callback();
+      if (sizeOfMessage > this.bufferPool.length) {
+        // We do not have enough bytes to make a sizeOfMessage chunk
+        break;
+      }
+
+      // Add a message to the stream
+      const message = this.bufferPool.read(sizeOfMessage);
+
+      if (!this.push(message)) {
+        // We only subscribe to data events so we should never get backpressure
+        // if we do, we do not have the handling for it.
+        return callback(
+          new MongoRuntimeError(`SizedMessageTransform does not support backpressure`)
+        );
+      }
     }
 
-    const message = this.bufferPool.read(sizeOfMessage);
-    return callback(null, message);
+    callback();
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/test/integration/connection-monitoring-and-pooling/connection.test.ts b/test/integration/connection-monitoring-and-pooling/connection.test.ts
index 4307ee32f21..0e5fd45323f 100644
--- a/test/integration/connection-monitoring-and-pooling/connection.test.ts
+++ b/test/integration/connection-monitoring-and-pooling/connection.test.ts
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import {
 } from '../../mongodb';
 import * as mock from '../../tools/mongodb-mock/index';
 import { skipBrokenAuthTestBeforeEachHook } from '../../tools/runner/hooks/configuration';
-import { sleep } from '../../tools/utils';
+import { processTick, sleep } from '../../tools/utils';
 import { assert as test, setupDatabase } from '../shared';
 
 const commonConnectOptions = {
@@ -249,6 +249,54 @@ describe('Connection', function () {
       client.connect();
     });
 
+    describe(
+      'when a monitoring Connection receives many hellos in one chunk',
+      { requires: { topology: 'replicaset', mongodb: '>=4.4' } }, // need to be on a streaming hello version
+      function () {
+        let client: MongoClient;
+
+        beforeEach(async function () {
+          // set heartbeatFrequencyMS just so we don't have to wait so long for a hello
+          client = this.configuration.newClient({}, { heartbeatFrequencyMS: 10 });
+        });
+
+        afterEach(async function () {
+          await client.close();
+        });
+
+        // In the future we may want to skip processing concatenated heartbeats.
+        // This test exists to prevent regression of processing many messages inside one chunk.
+        it(
+          'processes all of them and emits heartbeats',
+          { requires: { topology: 'replicaset', mongodb: '>=4.4' } },
+          async function () {
+            let hbSuccess = 0;
+            client.on('serverHeartbeatSucceeded', () => (hbSuccess += 1));
+            expect(hbSuccess).to.equal(0);
+
+            await client.db().command({ ping: 1 }); // start monitoring.
+            const monitor = [...client.topology.s.servers.values()][0].monitor;
+
+            // @ts-expect-error: accessing private property
+            const messageStream = monitor.connection.messageStream;
+            // @ts-expect-error: accessing private property
+            const socket = monitor.connection.socket;
+
+            const [hello] = (await once(messageStream, 'data')) as [Buffer];
+
+            const thousandHellos = Array.from({ length: 1000 }, () => [...hello]).flat(1);
+
+            // pretend this came from the server
+            socket.emit('data', Buffer.from(thousandHellos));
+
+            // All of the hb will be emitted synchronously in the next tick as the entire chunk is processed.
+            await processTick();
+            expect(hbSuccess).to.be.greaterThan(1000);
+          }
+        );
+      }
+    );
+
     context(
       'when a large message is written to the socket',
       { requires: { topology: 'single', auth: 'disabled' } },
diff --git a/test/unit/cmap/connection.test.ts b/test/unit/cmap/connection.test.ts
index aa3e86e2dc6..79fe9ea863d 100644
--- a/test/unit/cmap/connection.test.ts
+++ b/test/unit/cmap/connection.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { Socket } from 'node:net';
+import { Writable } from 'node:stream';
 
 import { expect } from 'chai';
 import * as sinon from 'sinon';
@@ -11,7 +12,9 @@ import {
   MongoClientAuthProviders,
   MongoDBCollectionNamespace,
   MongoNetworkTimeoutError,
+  MongoRuntimeError,
   ns,
+  promiseWithResolvers,
   SizedMessageTransform
 } from '../../mongodb';
 import * as mock from '../../tools/mongodb-mock/index';
@@ -333,5 +336,76 @@ describe('new Connection()', function () {
       expect(stream.read(1)).to.deep.equal(Buffer.from([6, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6]));
       expect(stream.read(1)).to.equal(null);
     });
+
+    it('parses many wire messages when a single chunk arrives', function () {
+      const stream = new SizedMessageTransform({ connection: {} as any });
+
+      let dataCount = 0;
+      stream.on('data', chunk => {
+        expect(chunk).to.have.lengthOf(8);
+        dataCount += 1;
+      });
+
+      // 3 messages of size 8
+      stream.write(
+        Buffer.from([
+          ...[8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+          ...[8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+          ...[8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
+        ])
+      );
+
+      expect(dataCount).to.equal(3);
+    });
+
+    it('parses many wire messages when a single chunk arrives and processes the remaining partial when it is complete', function () {
+      const stream = new SizedMessageTransform({ connection: {} as any });
+
+      let dataCount = 0;
+      stream.on('data', chunk => {
+        expect(chunk).to.have.lengthOf(8);
+        dataCount += 1;
+      });
+
+      // 3 messages of size 8
+      stream.write(
+        Buffer.from([
+          ...[8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+          ...[8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+          ...[8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+          ...[8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0] // two shy of 8
+        ])
+      );
+
+      expect(dataCount).to.equal(3);
+
+      stream.write(Buffer.from([0, 0])); // the rest of the last 8
+
+      expect(dataCount).to.equal(4);
+    });
+
+    it('throws an error when backpressure detected', async function () {
+      const stream = new SizedMessageTransform({ connection: {} as any });
+      const destination = new Writable({
+        highWaterMark: 1,
+        objectMode: true,
+        write: (chunk, encoding, callback) => {
+          void stream;
+          setTimeout(1).then(() => callback());
+        }
+      });
+
+      // 1000 messages of size 8
+      stream.write(
+        Buffer.from(Array.from({ length: 1000 }, () => [8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]).flat(1))
+      );
+
+      const { promise, resolve, reject } = promiseWithResolvers();
+
+      stream.on('error', reject).pipe(destination).on('error', reject).on('finish', resolve);
+
+      const error = await promise.catch(error => error);
+      expect(error).to.be.instanceOf(MongoRuntimeError);
+    });
   });
 });