perf: concurrent file import (#41)

* perf: concurrent file import

Adds two new options:

`fileImportConcurrency`

This controls the number of files that are imported concurrently.
You may wish to set this high if you are importing lots of small
files.

`blockWriteConcurrency`

This controls how many blocks from each file we write to disk at
the same time.  Setting this high when writing large files will
significantly increase import speed, though having it high when
`fileImportConcurrency` is also high can swamp the process.

It also:

1. Flattens module options because validating deep objects was
  clunky and the separation of access to config sub objects within
  this module isn't very good
1. Replaces `superstruct` and `deep-extend` with `merge-options`
  which is better suited for merging options and is smaller
1. Replaces `async-iterator-*` modules with the more zeitgeisty
  `it-*` namespace

Supersedes #38, sort of. No batching but atomicity guarantees are 
maintained and performance gains are broadly similar with the right
tuning.

Author: achingbrain

README.md

@@ -124,26 +124,26 @@ The input's file paths and directory structure will be preserved in the [`dag-pb
 - `chunker` (string, defaults to `"fixed"`): the chunking strategy. Supports:
   - `fixed`
   - `rabin`
-- `chunkerOptions` (object, optional): the options for the chunker. Defaults to an object with the following properties:
-  - `avgChunkSize` (positive integer, defaults to `262144`): the average chunk size (rabin chunker only)
-  - `minChunkSize` (positive integer): the minimum chunk size (rabin chunker only)
-  - `maxChunkSize` (positive integer, defaults to `262144`): the maximum chunk size
+- `avgChunkSize` (positive integer, defaults to `262144`): the average chunk size (rabin chunker only)
+- `minChunkSize` (positive integer): the minimum chunk size (rabin chunker only)
+- `maxChunkSize` (positive integer, defaults to `262144`): the maximum chunk size
 - `strategy` (string, defaults to `"balanced"`): the DAG builder strategy name. Supports:
   - `flat`: flat list of chunks
   - `balanced`: builds a balanced tree
   - `trickle`: builds [a trickle tree](https://github.com./ipfs/specs/pull/57#issuecomment-265205384)
 - `maxChildrenPerNode` (positive integer, defaults to `174`): the maximum children per node for the `balanced` and `trickle` DAG builder strategies
 - `layerRepeat` (positive integer, defaults to 4): (only applicable to the `trickle` DAG builder strategy). The maximum repetition of parent nodes for each layer of the tree.
 - `reduceSingleLeafToSelf` (boolean, defaults to `true`): optimization for, when reducing a set of nodes with one node, reduce it to that node.
-- `dirBuilder` (object): the options for the directory builder
-  - `hamt` (object): the options for the HAMT sharded directory builder
-    - bits (positive integer, defaults to `8`): the number of bits at each bucket of the HAMT
+- `hamtHashFn` (async function(string) Buffer): a function that hashes file names to create HAMT shards
+- `hamtBucketBits` (positive integer, defaults to `8`): the number of bits at each bucket of the HAMT
 - `progress` (function): a function that will be called with the byte length of chunks as a file is added to ipfs.
 - `onlyHash` (boolean, defaults to false): Only chunk and hash - do not write to disk
 - `hashAlg` (string): multihash hashing algorithm to use
 - `cidVersion` (integer, default 0): the CID version to use when storing the data (storage keys are based on the CID, _including_ it's version)
 - `rawLeaves` (boolean, defaults to false): When a file would span multiple DAGNodes, if this is true the leaf nodes will not be wrapped in `UnixFS` protobufs and will instead contain the raw file bytes
 - `leafType` (string, defaults to `'file'`) what type of UnixFS node leaves should be - can be `'file'` or `'raw'` (ignored when `rawLeaves` is `true`)
+- `blockWriteConcurrency` (positive integer, defaults to 10) How many blocks to hash and write to the block store concurrently. For small numbers of large files this should be high (e.g. 50).
+- `fileImportConcurrency` (number, defaults to 50) How many files to import concurrently. For large numbers of small files this should be high (e.g. 50).
 
 [ipld-resolver instance]: https://github.com./ipld/js-ipld-resolver
 [UnixFS]: https://github.com./ipfs/specs/tree/master/unixfs

package.json

@@ -38,33 +38,34 @@
   "homepage": "https://github.com./ipfs/js-ipfs-unixfs-importer#readme",
   "devDependencies": {
     "aegir": "^20.0.0",
-    "async-iterator-buffer-stream": "^1.0.0",
-    "async-iterator-last": "^1.0.0",
     "chai": "^4.2.0",
     "cids": "~0.7.1",
+    "deep-extend": "~0.6.0",
     "detect-node": "^2.0.4",
     "dirty-chai": "^2.0.1",
     "ipfs-unixfs-exporter": "^0.39.0",
     "ipld": "^0.25.0",
     "ipld-in-memory": "^3.0.0",
+    "it-buffer-stream": "^1.0.0",
+    "it-last": "^1.0.0",
     "multihashes": "~0.4.14",
     "nyc": "^14.0.0",
     "sinon": "^7.1.0"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "async-iterator-all": "^1.0.0",
-    "async-iterator-batch": "~0.0.1",
-    "async-iterator-first": "^1.0.0",
     "bl": "^4.0.0",
-    "deep-extend": "~0.6.0",
     "err-code": "^2.0.0",
     "hamt-sharding": "~0.0.2",
     "ipfs-unixfs": "^0.2.0",
     "ipld-dag-pb": "^0.18.0",
+    "it-all": "^1.0.1",
+    "it-batch": "^1.0.3",
+    "it-first": "^1.0.1",
+    "it-parallel-batch": "1.0.2",
+    "merge-options": "^2.0.0",
     "multicodec": "~0.5.1",
     "multihashing-async": "^0.8.0",
-    "rabin-wasm": "~0.0.8",
-    "superstruct": "^0.8.2"
+    "rabin-wasm": "~0.0.8"
   },
   "contributors": [
     "Alan Shaw <[email protected]>",

src/dag-builder/file/balanced.js

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 'use strict'
 
-const batch = require('async-iterator-batch')
+const batch = require('it-batch')
 
 async function * balanced (source, reduce, options) {
   yield await reduceToParents(source, reduce, options)

src/dag-builder/file/flat.js

@@ -1,13 +1,7 @@
 'use strict'
 
-const batch = require('async-iterator-batch')
+const all = require('it-all')
 
 module.exports = async function * (source, reduce) {
-  const roots = []
-
-  for await (const chunk of batch(source, Infinity)) {
-    roots.push(await reduce(chunk))
-  }
-
-  yield roots[0]
+  yield await reduce(await all(source))
 }

src/dag-builder/file/index.js

@@ -7,54 +7,62 @@ const {
   DAGNode,
   DAGLink
 } = require('ipld-dag-pb')
-const all = require('async-iterator-all')
+const all = require('it-all')
+const parallelBatch = require('it-parallel-batch')
 
 const dagBuilders = {
   flat: require('./flat'),
   balanced: require('./balanced'),
   trickle: require('./trickle')
 }
 
-async function * buildFile (file, source, ipld, options) {
-  let count = -1
-  let previous
-
+async function * importBuffer (file, source, ipld, options) {
   for await (const buffer of source) {
-    count++
-    options.progress(buffer.length)
-    let node
-    let unixfs
+    yield async () => {
+      options.progress(buffer.length)
+      let node
+      let unixfs
 
-    const opts = {
-      ...options
-    }
+      const opts = {
+        ...options
+      }
 
-    if (options.rawLeaves) {
-      node = buffer
+      if (options.rawLeaves) {
+        node = buffer
 
-      opts.codec = 'raw'
-      opts.cidVersion = 1
-    } else {
-      unixfs = new UnixFS(options.leafType, buffer)
+        opts.codec = 'raw'
+        opts.cidVersion = 1
+      } else {
+        unixfs = new UnixFS(options.leafType, buffer)
 
-      if (file.mtime) {
-        unixfs.mtime = file.mtime
-      }
+        if (file.mtime) {
+          unixfs.mtime = file.mtime
+        }
+
+        if (file.mode) {
+          unixfs.mode = file.mode
+        }
 
-      if (file.mode) {
-        unixfs.mode = file.mode
+        node = new DAGNode(unixfs.marshal())
       }
 
-      node = new DAGNode(unixfs.marshal())
+      const cid = await persist(node, ipld, opts)
+
+      return {
+        cid: cid,
+        unixfs,
+        node
+      }
     }
+  }
+}
 
-    const cid = await persist(node, ipld, opts)
+async function * buildFileBatch (file, source, ipld, options) {
+  let count = -1
+  let previous
 
-    const entry = {
-      cid: cid,
-      unixfs,
-      node
-    }
+  for await (const entry of parallelBatch(importBuffer(file, source, ipld, options), options.blockWriteConcurrency)) {
+    count++
 
     if (count === 0) {
       previous = entry
@@ -149,7 +157,7 @@ const fileBuilder = async (file, source, ipld, options) => {
     throw errCode(new Error(`Unknown importer build strategy name: ${options.strategy}`), 'ERR_BAD_STRATEGY')
   }
 
-  const roots = await all(dagBuilder(buildFile(file, source, ipld, options), reduce(file, ipld, options), options.builderOptions))
+  const roots = await all(dagBuilder(buildFileBatch(file, source, ipld, options), reduce(file, ipld, options), options))
 
   if (roots.length > 1) {
     throw errCode(new Error('expected a maximum of 1 roots and got ' + roots.length), 'ETOOMANYROOTS')

src/dag-builder/file/trickle.js

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 'use strict'
 
-const batch = require('async-iterator-batch')
+const batch = require('it-batch')
 
 module.exports = function * trickleReduceToRoot (source, reduce, options) {
   yield trickleStream(source, reduce, options)

src/dag-builder/index.js

@@ -30,13 +30,13 @@ async function * dagBuilder (source, ipld, options) {
         }
       }
 
-      const chunker = createChunker(options.chunker, validateChunks(source), options.chunkerOptions)
+      const chunker = createChunker(options.chunker, validateChunks(source), options)
 
       // item is a file
-      yield fileBuilder(entry, chunker, ipld, options)
+      yield () => fileBuilder(entry, chunker, ipld, options)
     } else {
       // item is a directory
-      yield dirBuilder(entry, ipld, options)
+      yield () => dirBuilder(entry, ipld, options)
     }
   }
 }

src/dir-sharded.js

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ const multihashing = require('multihashing-async')
 const Dir = require('./dir')
 const persist = require('./utils/persist')
 const Bucket = require('hamt-sharding')
-const extend = require('deep-extend')
+const mergeOptions = require('merge-options').bind({ ignoreUndefined: true })
 
 const hashFn = async function (value) {
   const hash = await multihashing(Buffer.from(value, 'utf8'), 'murmur3-128')
@@ -31,16 +31,20 @@ const hashFn = async function (value) {
 hashFn.code = 0x22 // TODO: get this from multihashing-async?
 
 const defaultOptions = {
-  hashFn: hashFn
+  hamtHashFn: hashFn,
+  hamtBucketBits: 8
 }
 
 class DirSharded extends Dir {
   constructor (props, options) {
-    options = extend({}, defaultOptions, options)
+    options = mergeOptions(defaultOptions, options)
 
     super(props, options)
 
-    this._bucket = Bucket(options)
+    this._bucket = Bucket({
+      hashFn: options.hamtHashFn,
+      bits: options.hamtBucketBits
+    })
   }
 
   async put (name, value) {
@@ -139,7 +143,7 @@ async function * flush (path, bucket, ipld, shardRoot, options) {
   const data = Buffer.from(children.bitField().reverse())
   const dir = new UnixFS('hamt-sharded-directory', data)
   dir.fanout = bucket.tableSize()
-  dir.hashType = options.hashFn.code
+  dir.hashType = options.hamtHashFn.code
 
   if (shardRoot && shardRoot.mtime) {
     dir.mtime = shardRoot.mtime

src/index.js

@@ -1,78 +1,41 @@
 'use strict'
 
-const { superstruct } = require('superstruct')
 const dagBuilder = require('./dag-builder')
 const treeBuilder = require('./tree-builder')
-const mh = require('multihashes')
+const parallelBatch = require('it-parallel-batch')
+const mergeOptions = require('merge-options').bind({ ignoreUndefined: true })
 
-const struct = superstruct({
-  types: {
-    codec: v => ['dag-pb', 'dag-cbor', 'raw'].includes(v),
-    hashAlg: v => Object.keys(mh.names).includes(v),
-    leafType: v => ['file', 'raw'].includes(v)
-  }
-})
-
-const ChunkerOptions = struct({
-  minChunkSize: 'number?',
-  maxChunkSize: 'number?',
-  avgChunkSize: 'number?',
-  window: 'number?',
-  polynomial: 'number?'
-}, {
-  maxChunkSize: 262144,
-  avgChunkSize: 262144,
-  window: 16,
-  polynomial: 17437180132763653 // https://github.com./ipfs/go-ipfs-chunker/blob/d0125832512163708c0804a3cda060e21acddae4/rabin.go#L11
-})
-
-const BuilderOptions = struct({
-  maxChildrenPerNode: 'number?',
-  layerRepeat: 'number?'
-}, {
-  maxChildrenPerNode: 174,
-  layerRepeat: 4
-})
-
-const Options = struct({
-  chunker: struct.enum(['fixed', 'rabin']),
-  rawLeaves: 'boolean?',
-  hashOnly: 'boolean?',
-  strategy: struct.enum(['balanced', 'flat', 'trickle']),
-  reduceSingleLeafToSelf: 'boolean?',
-  codec: 'codec?',
-  format: 'codec?',
-  hashAlg: 'hashAlg?',
-  leafType: 'leafType?',
-  cidVersion: 'number?',
-  progress: 'function?',
-  wrapWithDirectory: 'boolean?',
-  shardSplitThreshold: 'number?',
-  onlyHash: 'boolean?',
-  chunkerOptions: ChunkerOptions,
-  builderOptions: BuilderOptions,
-
-  wrap: 'boolean?',
-  pin: 'boolean?',
-  recursive: 'boolean?',
-  ignore: 'array?',
-  hidden: 'boolean?',
-  preload: 'boolean?'
-}, {
+const defaultOptions = {
   chunker: 'fixed',
-  strategy: 'balanced',
+  strategy: 'balanced', // 'flat', 'trickle'
   rawLeaves: false,
+  onlyHash: false,
   reduceSingleLeafToSelf: true,
   codec: 'dag-pb',
   hashAlg: 'sha2-256',
-  leafType: 'file',
+  leafType: 'file', // 'raw'
   cidVersion: 0,
   progress: () => () => {},
-  shardSplitThreshold: 1000
-})
+  shardSplitThreshold: 1000,
+  fileImportConcurrency: 50,
+  blockWriteConcurrency: 10,
+  minChunkSize: 262144,
+  maxChunkSize: 262144,
+  avgChunkSize: 262144,
+  window: 16,
+  polynomial: 17437180132763653, // https://github.com./ipfs/go-ipfs-chunker/blob/d0125832512163708c0804a3cda060e21acddae4/rabin.go#L11
+  maxChildrenPerNode: 174,
+  layerRepeat: 4,
+  wrapWithDirectory: false,
+  pin: true,
+  recursive: false,
+  ignore: null, // []
+  hidden: false,
+  preload: true
+}
 
 module.exports = async function * (source, ipld, options = {}) {
-  const opts = Options(options)
+  const opts = mergeOptions(defaultOptions, options)
 
   if (options.cidVersion > 0 && options.rawLeaves === undefined) {
     // if the cid version is 1 or above, use raw leaves as this is
@@ -93,10 +56,10 @@ module.exports = async function * (source, ipld, options = {}) {
   }
 
   if (options.format) {
-    options.codec = options.format
+    opts.codec = options.format
   }
 
-  for await (const entry of treeBuilder(dagBuilder(source, ipld, opts), ipld, opts)) {
+  for await (const entry of treeBuilder(parallelBatch(dagBuilder(source, ipld, opts), opts.fileImportConcurrency), ipld, opts)) {
     yield {
       cid: entry.cid,
       path: entry.path,