Unify console instrumentation

[AbhiPrasad]

The console instrumentation in the SDK seem to duplicate code. Maybe we can find a way to unify them? We can also improve testing this way, and it may help save bundle size.

the instrumentConsole utility:

sentry-javascript/packages/utils/src/instrument.ts

Line 109 in 5df78df

function instrumentConsole(): void {

the node Console integration: https://github.com./getsentry/sentry-javascript/blob/master/packages/node/src/integrations/console.ts

the CaptureConsole integration: https://github.com./getsentry/sentry-javascript/blob/master/packages/integrations/src/captureconsole.ts

[github-actions]

A PR closing this issue has just been released 🚀

This issue was referenced by PR #16024, which was included in the 9.13.0 release.